Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, tomb Ghz-2-135, found inside burial pit, right beneath its original position in mastaba
Excavation no.
Gh.2016.1.181
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised & painted
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of Marianos, monk
Date
700–999
Notes
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 49.5; W: 32.5; Th: 6–7
Text dimensions
Object colour
light brown
Text colour
black
Lines
14
Height of letters
1.6–3
Description
Complete rectangular slab. Decorative cross patée incised at the beginning of line 1. The initial cross painted black, as well as the beginning of lines 1 and 12 and whole lines 13 and 14.
Decorative elements
State of preservation
complete
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
Egyptian calendar
Dating formulae
ϩⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲩ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲁⲥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲡⲁⲭⲱⲛ
Transcription
"on the twenty-sixth of the month of Pachon" (ll. 2–4)
Months
ⲡⲁⲭⲱⲛ
Weakdays
Feasts
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Offices & titles
brother (= monk) (ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲟⲛ): l. 7 monk (ⲡⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ): l. 4
Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, tomb Ghz-2-144, mounted in west part of mastaba
Excavation no.
T.144
Present location
Ghazali, in situ
Museum no.
Medium
stela
Technique
incised & painted
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of Andreas, monk
Date
700–999
Notes
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 24; W: 33; Th: c. 8–9
Text dimensions
Object colour
white
Text colour
black
Lines
8
Height of letters
1.5–3.5
Description
Lower part of a slab with complete lower margin and a large part of both side margins preserved. The upper right corner of the preserved piece cracked, but still in place. Traces of black paint inside the letters.
Decorative elements
State of preservation
incomplete, upper part lacking
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
Egyptian calendar
Dating formulae
ϩⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲩ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲥⲁϣϥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲧⲩⲃⲓ
Transcription
"on the twenty-seventh of the month of Tybi" (ll. 4–6)
Months
ⲧⲩⲃⲓ
Weakdays
Feasts
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Offices & titles
brother (= monk) (ⲡ̣ⲉ̣ⲛ̣ⲥⲟ̣ⲛ̣): ll. 2–3 monk (ⲡⲙ̣ⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ̣): l. 4
Polish-Sudanese excavations, room 77–80, upper level; found together with fragment (b) of DBMNT 937
Excavation no.
Gh.2015.2.021
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of Psate, monk
Date
circa 800–899
Notes
pronoia type
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 36.5; W: 20.5; Th: 8–8.5
Text dimensions
Object colour
grey
Text colour
Lines
17 (18 reconstructed)
Height of letters
0.8–2
Description
Right-hand part, about two-thirds, of a slab. Right margin almost complete (one line missing at the top) and lower margin preserved in two-thirds. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving margin of 1–1.5 cm on the right and ca. 1.5 cm on the bottom.
Decorative elements
State of preservation
incomplete; two topmost lines and about one third of the left-hand part missing; right and bottom margins almost completely preserved
Date
circa 800–899
Chronological systems
Dating formulae
Transcription
Months
Weakdays
Feasts
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Offices & titles
brother (= monk) ([ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲟⲛ]): l. 6 monk (ⲙⲟⲛⲁ⸌ⲭ⸍): l. 6
Two joining pieces forming the lower left part of a slab, with fragments of left and lower margins preserved. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving the margins of 0.6–0.7 cm on the left and ca. 0.8 cm on the bottom.
Decorative elements
State of preservation
fragmentary; put together from two pieces; lower left corner with parts of left and lower margins preserved; surface eroded, especially in central part
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
indiction Egyptian calendar
Dating formulae
ⲛⲙⲛ- or ⲛϫⲟⲩ]ⲧⲟⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ[ⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲙⲉ]ⲥⲟⲣⲏ ⲓⲛ⸌ⲇ⸍ ̣
Transcription
"on the eleventh of the month of Mesore, in the X indiction" (ll. 3–5)
Fragment of the central left-hand part of a plaque with a small fragment of the left margin. The epigraphic field framed by a high raised border (1.5 cm). The text ruled with incised lines, forming uneven registers of 1.8–2.3 cm in height. The beginning of the lines written on the slightly curved surface due to the closeness to the raised border.
Porous Nile clay with organic and small mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
State of preservation
fragmentary; central left-hand part with fragment of left margin
Upper part of a round-topped slab with almost complete upper margin, large part of the right one, and a small fragment of the left one. The whole bottom part is missing and both upper corners were chipped off. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving margins of ca. 3 cm on the sides and 4.5 cm on the top. In the centre of the upper margin, probably the acclamation ‘Alpha – Omega’ is incised. The text is ruled with incised lines, forming the registers ca. 1.5–2.5 cm in height. The surface is defaced in lower left-hand and central parts; where preserved, it is worn off, which seriously hinders the reading.
Decorative elements
perhaps a decorative motive incised in upper margin
State of preservation
incomplete; bottom part missing; both upper corners chipped off; surface decafed in lower left-hand and central parts; where preserved, surface worn off, hindering the reading
Lower left corner of a plaque. The epigraphic field framed by a groove, leaving the margin of ca. 1.1 cm on the right and bottom. The surface heavily worn and the letters obliterated in places, especially in the lower part.
Porous Nile clay with organic and mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
State of preservation
fragmentary; lower left corner with large parts of left and bottom margins; lowermost lines eroded and hardly legible
Polish-Sudanese excavations, room 65, lying on mastaba in south-west corner
Excavation no.
Gh.2014.2.009
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of unidentified man
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 48; W: 29–31; Th: 8.5–10
Text dimensions
Object colour
reddish-grey
Text colour
Lines
16
Height of letters
1–1.5
Description
Complete rectangular slab, apart of a tiny fragment of the lower right corner which was chipped off. Almost completely defaced, legible only in both upper corners and three lowermost lines. The epigraphic field framed by incised line on three sides, top, right, and left. Lower part of the stone left uninscribed, 6.5–7.5 cm wide.
Decorative elements
State of preservation
stone complete but almost completely defaced; letters preserved only in both upper corners and three lowermost lines
Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, in the fill of a secondary burial pit, with a burial of a child, dug into the mastaba of the earlier tomb Ghz-2-013
Two non-joining fragments of a rectangular plaque: (a): upper central part with fragment of upper margin; (b): lower right corner. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving margins of 1.5–2 cm on the top and the bottom and 1.8–2 on the right. The surface painted with a light colour (white, yellow, or orange) after firing. Afterwards the frame and letters painted black. Ruling in the form of black-painted lines; the last two lines not separated by the ruling.
Decorative elements
The surface painted with a light colour (white, yellow, or orange) after firing. Afterwards the frame and letters painted black.
State of preservation
fragmentary, middle fragment of upper margin and lower right corner preserved
Shinnie and Chittick’s excavations, cemetery 2, unknown circumstances
Excavation no.
I 10
Present location
Sudan National Museum, Khartoum
Museum no.
SNM 11160
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragment of epitaph
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type the fragment was published by Brans and van der Vliet as the same with DBMNT 897
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H: 16; W: 28.5; Th: 3.5
Text dimensions
Object colour
brownish
Text colour
Lines
4 (5 reconstructed)
Height of letters
2–2.5
Description
Upper right part (put together from a number of smaller pieces) of a rectangular plaque, with the top margin preserved in more or less three quarters and the uppermost fragment of the right margin. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving uninscribed margins of 1.5–1.7 cm on the right and 2.5 cm on the top.
Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, tomb Ghz-2-138, in the mastaba and to the west of it
Excavation no.
Gh.2016.1.009
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragment of epitaph
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H: 22.5; W: 33; Th: 3.3
Text dimensions
Object colour
core black, front reddish grey, back greyish red
Text colour
Lines
6
Height of letters
c. 2
Description
Six joining fragments of the upper part of a plaque with complete upper margin and upper part of both side margins preserved. Central part is completely destroyed. The epigraphic field is framed by an incised line, leaving the margins of 1.9–2.2 cm on the right, 1.8–2.3 cm on the left, and 2.1–2.8 cm on the top. The cross in line 1 is written in the centre of the upper margin.
Porous Nile clay with organic and considerable mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
State of preservation
fragmentary; put together from six fragments; upper part of stela with complete upper margin and upper half of both side margins; central part destroyed; surface eroded; stela badly burnt and extremely fragile
Polish-Sudanese excavations: (a): room 67, fill over fallen vault (b): room 22
Excavation no.
(a): Gh.2014.2.008 (b): Gh.2017.1.042
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing & painted
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragment of epitaph
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H 8.3; W: +16; Th: 2.4–3.2
Text dimensions
Object colour
core black, front and side red, back greyish red
Text colour
white
Lines
2
Height of letters
2.5–3
Description
Two joining fragments of the upper margin of a plaque. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, forming the margin of 1.5–1.8 cm on the top. Ruling in the form of incised lines, forming registers of.3– 3.6 cm in height. The letters were painted white after firing (preserved only in [a]). Porous Nile clay with small organic and mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
State of preservation
fragmentary; fragment of upper margin with remnants of two uppermost lines; fragment (b) badly eroded with no sign of paint