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Text 4207

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, tomb Ghz-2-135, found inside burial pit, right beneath its original position in mastaba
Excavation no.
Gh.2016.1.181
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised & painted
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of Marianos, monk
Date
700–999
Notes
 
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 49.5; W: 32.5; Th: 6–7
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
light brown
Text colour
black
Lines
14
Height of letters
1.6–3
Description
Complete rectangular slab. Decorative cross patée incised at the beginning of line 1. The initial cross painted black, as well as the beginning of lines 1 and 12 and whole lines 13 and 14.
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
complete
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
Egyptian calendar
Dating formulae
ϩⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲩ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲁⲥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲡⲁⲭⲱⲛ
Transcription
"on the twenty-sixth of the month of Pachon" (ll. 2–4)
Months
ⲡⲁⲭⲱⲛ
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
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Offices & titles
brother (= monk) (ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲟⲛ): l. 7
monk (ⲡⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ): l. 4
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 70
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 70
Other editions
 
Other publications
Obłuski 2018, pl. 2; Obłuski 2022, p. 395
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Text 4208

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, tomb Ghz-2-144, mounted in west part of mastaba
Excavation no.
T.144
Present location
Ghazali, in situ
Museum no.
 
Medium
stela
Technique
incised & painted
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of Andreas, monk
Date
700–999
Notes
 
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 24; W: 33; Th: c. 8–9
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
white
Text colour
black
Lines
8
Height of letters
1.5–3.5
Description
Lower part of a slab with complete lower margin and a large part of both side margins preserved. The upper right corner of the preserved piece cracked, but still in place. Traces of black paint inside the letters.
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
incomplete, upper part lacking
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
Egyptian calendar
Dating formulae
ϩⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲩ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲥⲁϣϥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲧⲩⲃⲓ
Transcription
"on the twenty-seventh of the month of Tybi" (ll. 4–6)
Months
ⲧⲩⲃⲓ
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
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Offices & titles
brother (= monk) (ⲡ̣ⲉ̣ⲛ̣ⲥⲟ̣ⲛ̣): ll. 2–3
monk (ⲡⲙ̣ⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ̣): l. 4
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 99
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 99
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4209

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, room 77–80, upper level; found together with fragment (b) of DBMNT 937
Excavation no.
Gh.2015.2.021
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of Psate, monk
Date
circa 800–899
Notes
pronoia type
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 36.5; W: 20.5; Th: 8–8.5
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
grey
Text colour
 
Lines
17 (18 reconstructed)
Height of letters
0.8–2
Description
Right-hand part, about two-thirds, of a slab. Right margin almost complete (one line missing at the top) and lower margin preserved in two-thirds. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving margin of 1–1.5 cm on the right and ca. 1.5 cm on the bottom.
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
incomplete; two topmost lines and about one third of the left-hand part missing; right and bottom margins almost completely preserved
Date
circa 800–899
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
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Offices & titles
brother (= monk) ([ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲟⲛ]): l. 6
monk (ⲙⲟⲛⲁ⸌ⲭ⸍): l. 6
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 17
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 17
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4210

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, room 235
Excavation no.
Gh.2016.1.078
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of Zacharias, monk
Date
700–999
Notes
 
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 15; W: 12.5; Th: 6.5–7
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
reddish grey
Text colour
 
Lines
7 (8 reconstructed)
Height of letters
0.8–1.4
Description
Two joining pieces forming the lower left part of a slab, with fragments of left and lower margins preserved. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving the margins of 0.6–0.7 cm on the left and ca. 0.8 cm on the bottom.
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
fragmentary; put together from two pieces; lower left corner with parts of left and lower margins preserved; surface eroded, especially in central part
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
indiction
Egyptian calendar
Dating formulae
ⲛⲙⲛ- or ⲛϫⲟⲩ]ⲧⲟⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ[ⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲙⲉ]ⲥⲟⲣⲏ ⲓⲛ⸌ⲇ⸍ ̣
Transcription
"on the eleventh of the month of Mesore, in the X indiction" (ll. 3–5)
Months
[ⲙⲉ]ⲥⲟⲣⲏ
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
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Offices & titles
brother (= monk) ([ⲥⲟ]ⲛ̣): l. 1
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 128
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 128
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4211

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, room Z
Excavation no.
Gh.2015.1.033
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Greek
Content
fragment of epitaph of unidentified man
Date
700–999
Notes
‚God of the spirits’
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H: +15; W: +16.5; Th: 2.7–3
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
core black, front red to grey, back red
Text colour
 
Lines
7 (11 reconstructed)
Height of letters
1–1.8
Description
Fragment of the central left-hand part of a plaque with a small fragment of the left margin. The epigraphic field framed by a high raised border (1.5 cm). The text ruled with incised lines, forming uneven registers of 1.8–2.3 cm in height. The beginning of the lines written on the slightly curved surface due to the closeness to the raised border.

Porous Nile clay with organic and small mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
fragmentary; central left-hand part with fragment of left margin
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 5
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 5
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4212

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, surface find
Excavation no.
not registered
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Greek
Content
fragment of epitaph of unidentified man
Date
700–999
Notes
'God of the spirits'
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: +25; W: ca. 27.5
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
grey
Text colour
 
Lines
11
Height of letters
1.2–1.8
Description
Upper part of a round-topped slab with almost complete upper margin, large part of the right one, and a small fragment of the left one. The whole bottom part is missing and both upper corners were chipped off. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving margins of ca. 3 cm on the sides and 4.5 cm on the top. In the centre of the upper margin, probably the acclamation ‘Alpha – Omega’ is incised. The text is ruled with incised lines, forming the registers ca. 1.5–2.5 cm in height. The surface is defaced in lower left-hand and central parts; where preserved, it is worn off, which seriously hinders the reading.
Decorative elements
perhaps a decorative motive incised in upper margin
State of preservation
incomplete; bottom part missing; both upper corners chipped off; surface decafed in lower left-hand and central parts; where preserved, surface worn off, hindering the reading
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 6
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 6
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4213

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, room 94, pottery deposit
Excavation no.
Gh.2015.2.044
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragment of epitaph of unidentified man
Date
circa 800–899
Notes
pronoia type
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H: 17.3; W: 11.5; Th: 3.2–3.7
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
core black, front red to grey, back and sides red
Text colour
 
Lines
8
Height of letters
1–2 (ⲯ: 2.5)
Description
Lower left corner of a plaque. The epigraphic field framed by a groove, leaving the margin of ca. 1.1 cm on the right and bottom. The surface heavily worn and the letters obliterated in places, especially in the lower part.

Porous Nile clay with organic and mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
fragmentary; lower left corner with large parts of left and bottom margins; lowermost lines eroded and hardly legible
Date
circa 800–899
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 25
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 25
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4214

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, room 65, lying on mastaba in south-west corner
Excavation no.
Gh.2014.2.009
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
epitaph of unidentified man
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
Material
sandstone
Object dimensions
H: 48; W: 29–31; Th: 8.5–10
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
reddish-grey
Text colour
 
Lines
16
Height of letters
1–1.5
Description
Complete rectangular slab, apart of a tiny fragment of the lower right corner which was chipped off. Almost completely defaced, legible only in both upper corners and three lowermost lines. The epigraphic field framed by incised line on three sides, top, right, and left. Lower part of the stone left uninscribed, 6.5–7.5 cm wide.
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
stone complete but almost completely defaced; letters preserved only in both upper corners and three lowermost lines
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 31
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 31
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4215

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, in the fill of a secondary burial pit, with a burial of a child, dug into the mastaba of the earlier tomb Ghz-2-013
Excavation no.
(a) Gh.2015.2.008
(b) Gh.2015.2.015
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing & painted
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragmentary epitaph
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
(a) H: 9.65; W: 12.65; Th: 2.7
(b) H: 10.8; W: 11.4; Th: 2.95
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
core red (grey in upper part), surface red
Text colour
black
Lines
3 + 3
Height of letters
1.5–2.3
Description
Two non-joining fragments of a rectangular plaque: (a): upper central part with fragment of upper margin; (b): lower right corner. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving margins of 1.5–2 cm on the top and the bottom and 1.8–2 on the right. The surface painted with a light colour (white, yellow, or orange) after firing. Afterwards the frame and letters painted black. Ruling in the form of black-painted lines; the last two lines not separated by the ruling.
Decorative elements
The surface painted with a light colour (white, yellow, or orange) after firing. Afterwards the frame and letters painted black.
State of preservation
fragmentary, middle fragment of upper margin and lower right corner preserved
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 32
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 32
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4216

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Shinnie and Chittick’s excavations, cemetery 2, unknown circumstances
Excavation no.
I 10
Present location
Sudan National Museum, Khartoum
Museum no.
SNM 11160
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragment of epitaph
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
the fragment was published by Brans and van der Vliet as the same with DBMNT 897
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H: 16; W: 28.5; Th: 3.5
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
brownish
Text colour
 
Lines
4 (5 reconstructed)
Height of letters
2–2.5
Description
Upper right part (put together from a number of smaller pieces) of a rectangular plaque, with the top margin preserved in more or less three quarters and the uppermost fragment of the right margin. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, leaving uninscribed margins of 1.5–1.7 cm on the right and 2.5 cm on the top.
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
fragmentary; only upper right-hand part preserved
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 33
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 33
Other editions
Shinnie – Chittick 1961, p. 73, no. 10, ll. 1–4, cf. p. 77, no. 22 and p. 91, no. 70; I. Khartoum Copt. 68, ll. 1–4, pl. 41, upper
Other publications
 
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Text 4217

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations, cemetery 2, tomb Ghz-2-138, in the mastaba and to the west of it
Excavation no.
Gh.2016.1.009
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragment of epitaph
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H: 22.5; W: 33; Th: 3.3
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
core black, front reddish grey, back greyish red
Text colour
 
Lines
6
Height of letters
c. 2
Description
Six joining fragments of the upper part of a plaque with complete upper margin and upper part of both side margins preserved. Central part is completely destroyed. The epigraphic field is framed by an incised line, leaving the margins of 1.9–2.2 cm on the right, 1.8–2.3 cm on the left, and 2.1–2.8 cm on the top. The cross in line 1 is written in the centre of the upper margin.

Porous Nile clay with organic and considerable mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
fragmentary; put together from six fragments; upper part of stela with complete upper margin and upper half of both side margins; central part destroyed; surface eroded; stela badly burnt and extremely fragile
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 35
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 35
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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Text 4218

Provenance
Ghazali
Region
Makuria
Findspot
Polish-Sudanese excavations:
(a): room 67, fill over fallen vault
(b): room 22
Excavation no.
(a): Gh.2014.2.008
(b): Gh.2017.1.042
Present location
Gebel Barkal Museum, Karima
Museum no.
not registered
Medium
stela
Technique
incised before firing & painted
Type of text
epitaph
Language
Coptic
Content
fragment of epitaph
Date
700–999
Notes
pronoia type
Material
terracotta
Object dimensions
H 8.3; W: +16; Th: 2.4–3.2
Text dimensions
 
Object colour
core black, front and side red, back greyish red
Text colour
white
Lines
2
Height of letters
2.5–3
Description
Two joining fragments of the upper margin of a plaque. The epigraphic field framed by an incised line, forming the margin of 1.5–1.8 cm on the top. Ruling in the form of incised lines, forming registers of.3– 3.6 cm in height. The letters were painted white after firing (preserved only in [a]).
Porous Nile clay with small organic and mineral admixture (mica, quartzite).
Decorative elements
 
State of preservation
fragmentary; fragment of upper margin with remnants of two uppermost lines; fragment (b) badly eroded with no sign of paint
Date
700–999
Chronological systems
 
Dating formulae
 
Transcription
 
Months
 
Weakdays
 
Feasts
 
Loading...
Offices & titles
 
Toponyms & ethnonyms
 
Source
I. Ghazali 38
Image
Image not available
Source
 
Image
Image not available
Latest edition
I. Ghazali 38
Other editions
 
Other publications
 
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